Solve the followings Questions.

1. Prove that √2 is irrational.

Answer:

Let us prove √2 irrational by contradiction.

Let us suppose that √2 is rational.

So it can be expressed in the form p/q where p, q are co-prime integers and q≠0

√2 = p/q

Here p and q are coprime numbers and q ≠ 0

Solving

√2 = p/q

On squaring both the side we get,

=>2 = (p/q)²

=>2q² = p² ……..(1)

=> p² = q²

So 2 divides p and p is a multiple of 2.

⇒ p = 2m

⇒ p² = 4m² ………………………………..(2)

From equations (1) and (2), we get,

2q² = 4m²

⇒ q² = 2m²

⇒ q² is a multiple of 2

⇒ q is a multiple of 2

Hence, p, q have a common factor 2. This contradicts our assumption that they are co-primes. Therefore, p/q is not a rational number

√2 is an irrational number.

2. Prove that (3 + 2√5) is irrational.

Answer:

We will prove this by contradiction.

Let us suppose that (3+2√5) is rational.

It means that we have co-prime integers aand b(b ≠ 0) such that

So, it can be written in the form a/b

3 + 2√5 = a/b

Here a and b are coprime numbers and b ≠ 0

Solving 3 + 2√5 = a/b we get,

=>2√5 = a/b – 3

=>2√5 = (a-3b)/b

=>√5 = (a-3b)/2b

This shows (a-3b)/2b is a rational number. But we know that √5 is an irrational number.

So, it contradicts our assumption. Our assumption of 3 + 2√5 is a rational number is incorrect.

3 + 2√5 is an irrational number

Hence proved

3. Prove that the following are irrationals.

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Answer:

(i) We can proveirrational by contradiction.

Let us suppose thatis rational.

It means we have some co-prime integers a and b (b ≠ 0) such that

1/√2 = p/q

√2 = q/p

By Squaring on both sides

2 × p²= q²

2, divides q²

∴ 2, divides q

∵ q is an even number.

Similarly ‘p’ is an even number.

∴ p and q are even numbers.

∴ Common factor of p and q is 2.

This contradicts the fact that p and q also irrational.

∴ √2 is an irrational number.

∴ is an irrational number.

(ii) We can proveirrational by contradiction.

Let us suppose thatis rational.

It means we have some co-prime integers a and b (b ≠ 0) such that

It means √5 which is equal also a rational number.

This contradicts to the fact that √5 is an irrational number.

This contradicts to the fact that 7√5 is rational number.

∴ 7√5 is a rational number.

(iii) We will proveirrational by contradiction.

Let us suppose that () is rational.

It means that we have co-prime integers aand b(b ≠ 0) such that

∴ √2 is also rational number.

This contradicts to the fact that √2 is an irrational number.

This contradicts to the fact that 6 + √2 is a rational number.

∴  6 + √2 is an irrational number.

CHAPTER NAME	OLD NCERT	NEW NCERT
Real Numbers	EXERCISE 1.1
	EXERCISE 1.2	1.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 1.3	1.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 1.4
Polynomials	EXERCISE 2.1	2.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 2.2	2.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 2.3
	EXERCISE 2.4
Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables	EXERCISE 3.1
	EXERCISE 3.2	3.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 3.3	3.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 3.4	3.3	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 3.5
	EXERCISE 3.6
	EXERCISE 3.7
Quadratic Equations	EXERCISE 4.1	4.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 4.2	4.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 4.3
	EXERCISE 4.4	4.3	CLICK HERE
Arithmetic Progressions	EXERCISE 5.1	5.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 5.2	5.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 5.3	5.3	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 5.4	5.4 (Optional)	CLICK HERE
Triangles	EXERCISE 6.1	6.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 6.2	6.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 6.3	6.3	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 6.4
	EXERCISE 6.5
	EXERCISE 6.6
Coordinate Geometry	EXERCISE 7.1	7.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 7.2	7.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 7.3
	EXERCISE 7.4
Introduction to Trigonometry	EXERCISE 8.1	8.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 8.2	8.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 8.3
	EXERCISE 8.4	8.3	CLICK HERE
Some Applications of Trigonometry	EXERCISE 9.1	9.1	CLICK HERE
Circles	EXERCISE 10.1	10.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 10.2	10.2	CLICK HERE
Construction
Areas Related to Circles	EXERCISE 12.1
	EXERCISE 12.2	11.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 12.3
Surface Areas and Volumes	EXERCISE 13.1	12.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 13.2	12.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 13.3
	EXERCISE 13.4
	EXERCISE 13.5
Statistics	EXERCISE 14.1	13.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 14.2	13.2	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 14.3	13.3	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 14.4
Probability	EXERCISE 15.1	14.1	CLICK HERE
	EXERCISE 15.2